mmbshmup/vacuum_gambit.p8

pico-8 cartridge // http://www.pico-8.com
version 42
__lua__
-- vacuum gambit
-- by kistaro windrider

game = 1
win = 2
lose = 3

function usplit(str)
 return unpack(split(str))
end
function csv(s)
 local ret=split(s,"\n")
 for i,v in ipairs(ret) do
  ret[i] = type(v) == "string" and split(v) or {v}
 end
 return ret
end
function const_fxn(x)
 return function()
  return x
 end
end

-- generate standard "overlay"
-- constructor for type tt.
-- if tt.init is defined, generated
-- new calls tt.init(ret) after
-- ret is definitely not nil,
-- before calling setmetatable.
-- use to initialize mutables.
--
-- if there was a previous new,
-- it is invoked on the new
-- object *after* more, because
-- this works better with the
-- `more` impls i use.
function mknew(tt)
 local mt,oldnew,more = {__index=tt},tt.new,rawget(tt, "init")
 tt.new=function(ret)
  if(not ret) ret = {}
  if(more) more(ret)
  if(oldnew) oldnew(ret)
  setmetatable(ret, mt)
  return ret
 end
 return tt
end

-- intrusive singly-linked list.
-- cannot be nested!
linked_list = mknew{
 is_linked_list=true,
 init = function(x)
  x.next=nil
  x.tail=x
 end,
}

function linked_list:push_back(x)
 self.tail.next = x
 self.tail = x
end

function linked_list:push_front(x)
 if (not self.next) self.tail = x
 x.next = self.next
 self.next = x
end

-- vore eats another linked list
-- by appending its contents.
-- the ingested linked is empty.
function linked_list:vore(x)
 if (not x.next) return
 self.tail.next = x.next
 self.tail = x.tail
 x.next = nil
 x.tail = x
end

-- strip calls f(x) for each
-- node, removing each node for
-- which f(x) returns true. it
-- returns the new tail; nil
-- if the list is now empty.
function linked_list:strip(f)
 local p, n = self, self.next
 while n do
  if f(n) then
   p.next = n.next
  else
   p = n
  end
  n = n.next
 end
 self.tail = p
 return p
end

-- optimized special case -
-- could be done with strip but
-- this avoids extra function
-- calls and comparisions since
-- draw isn't allowed to kill
-- the item
function linked_list:draw()
 local n = self.next
 while n do
  n:draw()
  n = n.next
 end
end


function linked_list:pop_front()
 local ret = self.next
 if (not ret) return
 self.next = ret.next
 if (not ret.next) ret.tail = nil
 return ret
end

function _init()
 init_blip_pals()
	wipe_level()
	primary_ship.main_gun = zap_gun_p.new()  -- redundant?
	load_level(example_level_csv)
	state = game
	pal(2,129)
	pal()
end

function once_next_frame(f)
 new_events:push_back{
  move = function()
   f()
   return true
  end,
 }
end

-- health gradients for 1..5 hp
-- exactly, then all "more".
hpcols_lut = csv[[36
34, 136
34, 130, 136
34, 34, 130, 136
34, 34, 130, 130, 136]]

-- call after any change to maxhp
-- configures health gradient
function init_hpcols()
 hpcols = hpcols_lut[min(primary_ship.maxhp,6)]
end

function wipe_level()
 primary_ship = player.new()
 init_hpcols()
 pships = linked_list.new()
 pships:push_back(primary_ship)
 eships = linked_list.new()
 pbullets = linked_list.new()
 ebullets = linked_list.new()
 intangibles_fg = linked_list.new()
 intangibles_bg = linked_list.new()
 events = linked_list.new()
 new_events = linked_list.new()
end

function _update60()
 updategame()
end

function call_f(x)
 return x:f()
end

function call_move(x)
 return x:move()
end

function updategame()
 leveldone = level_frame()
 events:vore(new_events)
 events:strip(call_move)
 for _, lst in ipairs{intangibles_bg, pships, eships, pbullets, ebullets} do
  lst:strip(call_move)
 end

 pships:strip(
  function(ps)
   local pbox, pded = hurtbox(ps), false
   eships:strip(
    function(es)
     if (not collides(pbox, hurtbox(es))) return
     pded = pded or ps:hitship(es)
     return es:hitship(ps)
    end
   )
   return pded
  end
 )
 pships:strip(
  function(ps)
   local pbox, pded = hurtbox(ps), false
   ebullets:strip(
    function(eb)
     if (not collides(pbox, hurtbox(eb))) return
     pded = pded or ps:hitbullet(eb)
     return eb:hitship(ps)
    end
   )
   return pded
  end
 )

	-- many bullets and many enemy ships;
	-- use bucket collider for efficiency
 local pbullet_collider = collider.new()
 local p, n = pbullets, pbullets.next
 while n do
  n.prev = p
  pbullet_collider:insert(n)
  p = n
  n = p.next
 end

 eships:strip(
  function(es)
   for pb in all(pbullet_collider:get_collisions(es)) do
    if pb:hitship(es) then
     pbullet_collider:hide(pb)
     pb.prev.next = pb.next
     if pb.next then
      pb.next.prev = pb.prev
     else
      pbullets.tail = pb.prev
     end
    end
    if (es:hitbullet(pb)) return true
   end
  end
 )
 
 intangibles_fg:strip(call_move)

	if leveldone and not eships.next and not ebullets.next and not events.next then
	  state = win
	end
	if (not pships.next) state = lose
end

function _draw()
 fillp(0)
 drawgame()
 if (state == game) fadelvl = -45
 if (state == win) dropshadow("win",50,61,11)
 if (state == lose) dropshadow("fail",48,61,8)
 fadescreen()
end

fadetable = split"0,1.5,1025.5,1029.5,1285.5,1413.5,9605.5,9637.5,-23130.5,-23066.5,-18970.5,-18954.5,-2570.5,-2568.5,-520.5,-8.5,-0.5"

function fadescreen()
 fadelvl += 0.25
 if (fadelvl < 1) return
 local i = min(flr(fadelvl), #fadetable)
 fillp(fadetable[#fadetable+1-i])
 rectfill(0,0,128,128,0)
end

-- puke emits a verbose string
-- describing item, indented to
-- the specified depth (0 by
-- default). used for table
-- debugging. table-type keys
-- are not legible here
function puke(item, indent, seen, hidekey)
 if (type(item) ~= "table") return tostr(item)
 
 seen = seen or {}
 if (seen[item]) return "<<...>>"
 seen[item] = true
 
 indent = indent or 0
 local pfx = "\n"
 for _=1,indent do
  pfx ..= " "
 end
 local xpfx = pfx.." "

 if item.is_linked_list then
  local ret,n = "linked_list <",0
  item:strip(function(x)
   n += 1
   ret ..= xpfx..tostr(n)..": "..puke(x, indent+2, seen, "next")
  end)
  return ret..pfx..">"
 end

 local ret = "{"
 for k, v in pairs(item) do
  if (k ~= hidekey) ret ..= xpfx..tostr(k)..": "..puke(v, indent+2, seen)
 end
 return ret..pfx.."}"
end

-- convenience for debugging
function puketh(item, ...)
 printh(puke(item), ...)
end

function pukeboard(item)
 puketh(item, "@clip")
end

function drawgame()
 clip(0,0,112,128)
 rectfill(0,0,112,128,0)
 for slist in all{intangibles_bg, pbullets, pships, eships, ebullets, intangibles_fg} do
  slist:draw()
 end
 clip(0,0,128,128)
 drawhud()
end

powcols=split"170,154,153,148,68"
shlcols = split"204,220,221"
function drawhud()
 -- 112-and-right is hud zone
 rectfill(112, 0, 127, 127,0x56)
 rect(112,0,127,127,7)
 line(127,1,127,127,5)
 line(113,127)
 
 draw_gun_info("❎",1,116,3,primary_ship.main_gun)
 draw_gun_info("🅾️",1,116,29,primary_ship.special_gun)
 
 inset(114,57,119,118)
 rectfill(119,57,124,58,13)
 inset(120,64,125,125)
 rectfill(114,124,120,125,7)
 print("XP",119,55,1)
 print("HP",114,122,1)
 fillp(0x5a5a)
 vertmeter(115,58,118,117,primary_ship.xp, primary_ship.xptarget, powcols)
 -- 59 px vertically
 local mxs, cs, mxh, ch = primary_ship.maxshield, primary_ship.shield, primary_ship.maxhp, primary_ship.hp
 if (mxs > 0) and (mxh > 0) then
  local split = 59 * (mxs / (mxs + mxh)) \ 1 + 64
  line(121, split, 124, split, 0xba)
  vertmeter(121,65,124,split-1,cs, mxs,shlcols)
  vertmeter(121,split+1,124,124,ch, mxh, hpcols)
 elseif mxs > 0 then
  vertmeter(121,65,124,124,cs,mxs,shlcols)
 elseif mxh > 0 then
  vertmeter(121,65,124,124,ch,mxh,hpcols)
 else
  print("!", 122, 93, 9)
  print("!", 121, 92, 8)
 end
 fillp(0)
end

function draw_gun_info(lbl,fgc,x,y,gun)
 dropshadow(lbl,x,y,fgc)
 inset(114,y+7,125,y+18)
 inset(114,y+20,125,y+24)
 if(gun) then
  spr(gun.icon,116,y+9,1,1)
  --115 to 124 - ammo bar. round up
  if gun.ammo == nil then
   fillp(0xa5a5)
   rectfill(115,y+21,124,y+23,0xea)
   fillp(0)
  elseif gun.ammo > 0 then
   rectfill(
     115,y+21,
     115+flr(9*gun.ammo/gun.maxammo),
     y+23,10)
  else
   line(118, y+22, 121, y+22, 2)
  end
 end
end

function vertmeter(x0,y0,x1,y1,val,maxval,cols)
 if ((val <= 0) or (maxval <= 0)) return
 local h = y1-y0
 local px = val/maxval * h \ 1
 local ncols = #cols
 local firstcol = ((h-px)*ncols\h)+1
 local lastbottom = y0+(h*firstcol\ncols)
 rectfill(x0, y1-px, x1, lastbottom, cols[firstcol])
 for i=firstcol+1,ncols do
  local bottom = y0+h*i\ncols
  rectfill(x0,lastbottom,x1,bottom,cols[i])
  lastbottom = bottom
 end
end

function inset(x0,y0,x1,y1)
 rectfill(x0,y0,x1,y1,0)
 -- use "wide colors" to draw
 -- monochrome regardless of
 -- fillp
 rect(x0,y0,x1,y1,119)
 line(x1,y0,x0,y0,85)
 line(x0,y1-1,85)
end

function dropshadow(str, x, y, col)
 print(str, x+1, y+1, 5)
 print(str, x, y, col)
end

-->8
--ship behavior

scrollrate = 0.25 --in px/frame

ship_m = mknew{

 -- ships have no shield by default
 shield = 0,
 maxshield = 0,
 shieldcooldown =  0x0.003c,--1s
 shieldpenalty = 0x0.012c, --5s
 
 slip = true,  -- most enemies slide
 
 xmomentum = 0,
 ymomentum = 0,

 -- xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax:
 --   movement constraints
 --   enforced by `constrain`.
 xmin = 0, xmax = 104,
 -- ymin, ymax default to nil
 --   pship needs more constraint 
}

function ship_m:die()
 self.dead = true
 if (self.hp < 0) boom(self.x+self.size*4, self.y+self.size*4,12*self.size, self.boss)
end

function ship_m:calc_velocity(v0, t)
 v0 = mid(v0 + t, self.maxspd, -self.maxspd)
 return v0 - mid(self.drag, -self.drag, v0)
end

function ship_m:brake_dist(v0)
 local brake_max = self.thrust + self.drag
 local tri_frames = abs(v0\brake_max)
 local chunks = tri_frames * (tri_frames - 1) >> 1
 local chunk_zone = chunks * brake_max
 local overage = abs(v0) - tri_frames * brake_max
 return (chunk_zone + overage * (tri_frames + 1)) * sgn(v0), (overage > 0) and tri_frames + 1 or tri_frames
end

function ship_m:constrain(p, dp, pmin, pmax, want)
 if (not pmin) return want
 local v1, bd, bf, bp
 function calc_targets()
  -- velocity after move
  v1 = self:calc_velocity(dp, want)
  -- brake distance and frames
  bd, bf = self:brake_dist(v1)
  -- brake point
  bp = p + bd + v1
 end
 calc_targets()
 if bp < pmin then
  -- undershoot. max thrust,
  -- then treat as overshoot
  -- targeting minimum bound
  want, pmax = self.thrust, pmin
  calc_targets()
 end
 if (bp <= pmax) return want
 -- spread overshoot across frames
 want -= (bp - pmax)/max(bf,1)
 return max(want, -self.thrust)
end

function ship_m:move()
 self:refresh_shield()
 local dx, dy, shoot_spec, shoot_main = self:act()
 dx = self:constrain(self.x, self.xmomentum, self.xmin, self.xmax, dx)
 dy = self:constrain(self.y, self.ymomentum, self.ymin, self.ymax, dy)
 if (shoot_main) self:maybe_shoot(self.main_gun)
 if (shoot_spec) self:maybe_shoot(self.special_gun)
 if (dx ~= 0 or dy ~= 0) spark(self.sparks, self.x + 4*self.size, self.y + 4*self.size, dx*2.5, dy*2.5, self.sparkodds)
 self.xmomentum = self:calc_velocity(self.xmomentum, dx)
 self.ymomentum = self:calc_velocity(self.ymomentum, dy)

 self.x += self.xmomentum
 self.y += self.ymomentum
 
 -- "scrolling" behavior
 if self.slip then
  self.y += scrollrate
  if self.y >= 128 then
   self:die()
   return true
  end
 end
 return false
end

function ship_m:draw()
 if(self.fx_pal) pal(self.fx_pal)
 spr(self.sprite, self.x, self.y, self.size, self.size)
 pal()
end

function hurtbox(ship)
 local h = ship.hurt
 return {
  x=ship.x + h.x_off,
  y=ship.y + h.y_off,
  width=h.width,
  height=h.height
 }
end

function ship_m:maybe_shoot(gun)
 if (not gun) return
 return gun:shoot(self.x + self.fire_off_x, self.y + self.fire_off_y)
end

function ship_m:hitship(other)
 return self:hitsomething(1)
end

function ship_m:hitbullet(b)
 return self:hitsomething(b.damage)
end

function ship_m:hitsomething(dmg)
 if (dmg <= 0) return false
 self.shield_refresh_ready = lframe + self.shieldpenalty
 if self.shield >= dmg then
  self.shield -= dmg
  self:ow(true)
  return false
 end 
 dmg -= self.shield
 self.shield = 0
 self.hp -= dmg
 if self.hp < 0 then
  self:die()
  return true
 end
 self:ow(false)
 return false
end

function ship_m:ow(shielded)
 if (shielded) then
  blip(self,12,3)
  return
 end
 blip(self, 7, 3)
end

function ship_m:refresh_shield()
 if (self.shield >= self.maxshield) return
 if (lframe < self.shield_refresh_ready) return
 self.shield += 1
 self.shield = min(self.shield, self.maxshield)
 self.shield_refresh_ready = lframe + self.shieldcooldown
end

-->8
-- bullet and gun behaviors

function player_blt_cat()
 return pbullets
end

function enemy_blt_cat()
 return ebullets
end

-- x, y: position
-- dx, dy: movement (linear)
-- f: frames remaining; nil for no limit
-- sprite: what sprite to draw
-- hurt -- hurtbox
-- width, height -- in sprites
-- x_off, y_off -- how to
--   initially position relative
--   to firing point. weird
--   details, check impl
-- damage -- damage to do to
--   a ship that gets hit
-- category -- function that
--   returns which bullet list
--   to spawn onto
-- hitship -- event handler,
--   takes ship as argument.
--   default: die, return true.
--   returns whether to delete
--   the bullet
-- die -- on-removal event,
--   default no-op
bullet_base = mknew{ }

gun_base = mknew{ 
 shoot_ready = -32768,
 icon = 20
}

function bullet_base:hitship(_)
 self:die()
 return true
end

function bullet_base:die()
end

function bullet_base:move()
 self.x += self.dx
 self.y += self.dy
 if (self.f) self.f -= 1
 if (self.y > 128) or (self.y < -8 * self.height) or (self.f and self.f < 0) then
  self:die()
  return true
 end
 return false
end

function bullet_base:draw()
 spr(self.sprite, self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
end

-- An `actually_shoot` factory
-- for trivial guns
function spawn_one(t)
 return function(gun, x, y)
  t.new{}:spawn_at(x, y)
 end
end

function bullet_base:spawn_at(x, y)
 self.x = x - self.x_off
 self.y = y - self.y_off
 self.category():push_back(self)
end

function gun_base:shoot(x, y)
 if (lframe < self.shoot_ready) return false
 if self.ammo then
  if (self.ammo <= 0) return false
  self.ammo -= 1
 end
 self.shoot_ready = lframe + self.cooldown
 self:actually_shoot(x, y)
 return true
end

-->8
-- bullets and guns

zap_e = mknew(bullet_base.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 9, --index of ammo sprite
 width = 1, --in 8x8 blocks
 height = 1,
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 0, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 0, -- relative to sprite
  width = 2,
  height = 8
 },
 x_off = 1, -- how to position by ship
 y_off = 8,
 
 damage = 1,
 dx = 0,  -- px/frame
 dy = 4,

 hitship = const_fxn(true),

 category = enemy_blt_cat,
})

zap_p = mknew(zap_e.new{
 sprite = 8,
 dy = -8,
 y_off = 0,
 category = player_blt_cat,
})

zap_gun_e = mknew(gun_base.new{
 cooldown = 0x0.000a, -- frames between shots
 ammo = nil, -- unlimited ammo - main gun
 actually_shoot = spawn_one(zap_e),
})

zap_gun_p = mknew(zap_gun_e.new{
 actually_shoot = spawn_one(zap_p),
})

blast = mknew(bullet_base.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 12, --index of player ammo sprite
 width = 1, --in 8x8 blocks
 height = 1,
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 1, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 1, -- relative to sprite
  width = 6,
  height = 6
 },
 x_off = 4, -- how to position by ship
 y_off = 0,
 
 damage = 4,
 dx = 0,  -- px/frame
 dy = -2,
 awaitcancel = false,

 -- disable damage for 2 frames
 -- when hitting something
 hitship = function(self, _)
  if self.damage > 0 and not self.awaitcancel then
   self.awaitcancel = true
   once_next_frame(function()
    new_events:push_back{
     wait = 2,
     obj = self,
     saved_dmg = self.damage,
     move = function(self)
      self.wait -= 1
      if self.wait <= 0 then
       self.obj.damage = self.saved_dmg
       return true
      end
     end,
    }
    self.damage = 0
    self.awaitcancel = false
   end)
  end
 end,
 category=player_blt_cat
})

blast_gun = mknew(gun_base.new{
 icon = 13,
 cooldown = 0x0.0020, -- frames between shots
 ammo = 5,
 maxammo = 5,
 actually_shoot = spawn_one(blast),
})

protron_e = mknew(bullet_base.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 24,
 width = 1, --in 8x8 blocks
 height = 1,
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 1, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 1, -- relative to sprite
  width = 2,
  height = 2
 },
 x_off = 1, -- how to position by ship
 y_off = 4,
 
 damage = 1,
 dym = 0.5, -- gun sets dy;
             -- this is mult
 category = enemy_blt_cat,
})

protron_p = mknew(protron_e.new{
 sprite=23,
 dym = -1,
 y_off = 0,
 category=player_blt_cat,
})

protron_gun_e = mknew(gun_base.new{
 icon = 25,
 cooldown = 0x0.000f, -- frames between shots
 ammo = nil,
 maxammo = nil,
 munition = protron_e
})

function protron_gun_e:actually_shoot(x, y)
 local m = self.munition.dym
 for i=1,3 do
  local b = self.munition.new{
   dx = i*m,
   dy = (4-i)*m,
  }
  b:spawn_at(x,y)
  local b2 = self.munition.new{
   dx = -i*m,
   dy = (4-i)*m,
  }
  b2:spawn_at(x,y)
 end
 local bup = self.munition.new{
  dx=0,
  dy=4*m,
 }
 bup:spawn_at(x,y)
end

protron_gun_p = mknew(protron_gun_e.new{
 munition = protron_p,
})

vulcan_e = mknew(bullet_base.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 21,
 width = 1, --in 8x8 blocks
 height = 1,
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 0, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 0, -- relative to sprite
  width = 1,
  height = 4
 },
 x_off = 0.5, -- how to position by ship
 y_off = 0,
 
 damage = 0.5,
 -- dx from gun
 dy = 2,
 category=enemy_blt_cat
})

vulcan_p = mknew(vulcan_e.new{
 sprite=22,
 y_off = 4,
 dy = -4,
 category=player_blt_cat
})

vulcan_gun_e = mknew(gun_base.new{
 icon = 37,
 enemy = false,
 cooldown = 0x0.0002, -- frames between shots
 ammo = nil,
 maxammo = nil,
 munition=vulcan_e,
 dxs = {0.35, -0.35, -0.7, 0.7, 0.35, -0.35},
 xoffs = {1, 0, -1, 1, 0, -1},
 dxidx = 1,
 actually_shoot = function(self, x, y)
  local b = self.munition.new{
   dx = self.dxs[self.dxidx],
  }
  b:spawn_at(self.xoffs[self.dxidx]+x,y)
  self.dxidx += 1
  if (self.dxidx > #self.dxs) self.dxidx = 1
 end
})

vulcan_gun_p = mknew(vulcan_gun_e.new{
 munition=vulcan_p,
})

-->8
--ships, including player

firespark = split"9, 8, 2, 5, 1"
smokespark = split"13, 13, 5, 5"

player = mknew(ship_m.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 1, --index of ship sprite
 size = 1, --all ships are square; how many 8x8 sprites?
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 3, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 2, -- relative to ship ulc
  width = 1,
  height = 3
 },
 sparks = firespark, -- see tab 9
 sparkodds = 2,
 boss = true,  -- dramatic special effects
 
 -- health
 hp = 3, -- current health, non-regenerating
 maxhp = 3, -- player only; other ships never heal
 shield = 2, -- regenerates
 maxshield = 2,

 -- xp, increments of 0x0.01
 xp = 0,
 xptarget = 0x0.05,
 level = 1,

 -- gun
 main_gun = nil, -- assign at spawn time
 special_gun = nil,
 fire_off_x = 4,  -- offset where bullets come from
 fire_off_y = 0,

 -- position
 x=52, -- x and y are for upper left corner
 y=96,
 xmomentum = 0,
 ymomentum = 0,
 maxspd = 2.5, -- momentum cap
 thrust = 0.25, -- momentum added from button
 ymin = 0, ymax = 120, -- stay on screen
 drag = 0.125, -- momentum lost per frame
 slip = false, -- does not slide down screen
 act = function(self)  -- fetch buttons
  local b,th = btn(),self.thrust
  local blr = b&0x3
  if blr == 1 then
   self.sprite=17
  elseif blr==2 then
   self.sprite=18
  else
   self.sprite=1
  end
  --dx, dy, shoot_spec, shoot_main
  return (((b&0x2)>>1) - (b&0x1)) * th, (((b&0x8)>>3) - ((b&0x4)>>2)) * th, (b&0x10) > 0, (b&0x20) > 0
 end,

 init = function(p)
  p.main_gun = zap_gun_p.new()
  -- ONE HIT MODE
  --
  -- p.hp = 0
  -- p.maxhp = 0
  -- p.shield = 0
  -- p.maxshield = 0
 end,
})

frownie = mknew(ship_m.new{
 --shape
 sprite = 3, --index of ship sprite
 size = 1, --all ships are square; how many 8x8 sprites?
 hurt = { -- hurtbox - where this ship can be hit
  x_off = 0, -- upper left corner
  y_off = 1, -- relative to ship ulc
  width = 8,
  height = 6
 },
 sparks = smokespark,
 sparkodds = 8,
 
 -- health
 hp = 0.5, -- enemy ships need no max hp

 -- position
 x=60, -- x and y are for upper left corner
 y=8,
 xmomentum = 0,
 ymomentum = 0,
 maxspd = 2, -- momentum cap
 thrust = 0.12, -- momentum added from button
 drag = 0.07, -- momentum lost per frame
 slip = true,
 act = function(self)
  local tstate,dx = (1 + flr(4*t() + 0.5)) % 6,0
  if (tstate==1 or tstate==2) dx=-self.thrust
  if (tstate>=4) dx=self.thrust
  return dx,0,false,false
 end,
})

blocky = mknew(frownie.new{
 sprite = 10,
 hp = 1.5,
 hurt = {
  x_off = 0,
  y_off = 0,
  width = 8,
  height = 7
 },
 
 ow = function(self)
  if self.hp < 1 then
   self.sprite = 11
  else
   self.sprite = 10
  end
  ship_m.ow(self)
 end
})

spewy = mknew(frownie.new{
 sprite=26,
 hurt = {
  x_off=0,
  y_off=1,
  width=8,
  height=5
 },
 hp=0.5,
 fire_off_x=4,
 fire_off_y=7,
 act=function(self)
  local dx,dy,shoot_spec=frownie.act(self)
  return dx, dy, shoot_spec, self.y > 10
 end,
 init = function(ship)
  ship.main_gun=ship.main_gun or protron_gun_e.new{}
 end
})

chasey = mknew(ship_m.new{
 sprite = 5,
 size = 1,
 hurt = {
  x_off = 1,
  y_off = 2,
  width = 6,
  height = 5,
 },
 sparks = smokespark,
 sparkodds = 8,
 hp = 1.5,
 shield = 1,
 maxshield = 1,

 fire_off_x = 4,
 fire_off_y = 7,
 
 maxspd = 2,
 thrust = 0.2,
 drag = 0.075,
 slip = true,

 init = function(ship)
  ship.main_gun=ship.main_gun or zap_gun_e.new{}
 end
})

function chasey:act()
 self.xmin = max(primary_ship.x-8, 0)
 self.xmax = min(primary_ship.x + 8, 112 - 8*self.size)
 return 0, 0, false, self.y > 10 and self.x - 16 < primary_ship.x and self.x + 16 > primary_ship.x
end

xl_chasey=mknew(chasey.new{
 size=2,
 maxspd=1.25,
 hurt = {
  x_off = 2,
  y_off = 4,
  width = 12,
  height = 10
 },
 fire_off_x = 8,
 fire_off_y = 15,
 hp = 19.5,
 shield = 5,
 boss = true,
 slip = false,
 act = function(self)
  local dx,dy,shoot_spec,shoot_main = chasey.act(self)
  if (self.y < 4) dy=self.thrust
  return dx,dy,shoot_spec,shoot_main
 end,
 draw = function(self)
  if(self.fx_pal) pal(self.fx_pal)
  sspr(40, 0, 8, 8, self.x, self.y, 16, 16)
  pal()
 end,
 init = function(ship)
  ship.main_gun=ship.main_gun or zap_gun_e.new{}
 end,
})

-->8
-- collisions

-- box: x, y, width, height

function collides(box1, box2)
	return not (
	  box1.x>box2.x+box2.width
	  or box1.y>box2.y+box2.height
	  or box1.x+box1.width<box2.x
	  or box1.y+box1.height<box2.y)
end

collider = mknew{
 init = function(x)
  x.suppress = {}
 end,
}

function collider_indexes(box)
 local ret = {}
 for x = box.x\8, (box.x+box.width)\8 do
  for y = box.y\8, (box.y+box.height)\8 do
   add(ret, x+256*y)
  end
 end
 return ret
end

function collider:insert(item)
 -- todo: separate "big items" list?
 local bdx = collider_indexes(hurtbox(item))
 for i in all(bdx) do
  local x = self[i]
  if not x then
   x = {}
   self[i] = x
  end
  add(x, item)
 end
end

function collider:hide(item)
 self.suppress[item]=true
end

function collider:get_collisions(item)
 local found = { }
 local seen = { }
 local box = hurtbox(item)
 local bucket_ids = collider_indexes(box)
 for b_idx in all(bucket_ids) do
  local bucket = self[b_idx]
  if bucket then
   for candidate in all(bucket) do
    if not (seen[candidate] or self.suppress[candidate]) then
     seen[candidate] = true
     if (collides(box, hurtbox(candidate))) add(found, candidate)
    end
   end
  end
 end
 return found
end
-->8
-- level and event system

-- a level is a map from
-- effective frame number to
-- a list of actions for that
-- frame. an action is a
-- method name and its args.

-- effective frame number stops
-- when freeze count is nonzero

-- a level is won when it hits
-- the end-of-level sentinel 
-- and there are no more
-- tracked enemies.
-- lost when there are no
-- player ships left.

-- effective frame
distance = 0
-- actual frame count since
-- start of level times 0x0.0001
lframe = 0

-- do not advance distance when
-- nonzero
freeze = 0

eol = {}

function load_level(levelfile)
 distance = 0
 lframe = 0
 freeze = 0
 leveldone = false
 current_level = {}
 local found_eol = false
 if (type(levelfile)=="string") levelfile = csv(levelfile)
 for row in all(levelfile) do
  local x = current_level[row[1]]
  if row[2] == "eol" then
   found_eol = true
   assert(x==nil, "events on eol frame")
   current_level[row[1]] = eol
  else
   row.next = x
   current_level[row[1]]=row
  end
 end
 assert(found_eol)
end

function level_frame()
 lframe += 0x0.0001
 if (current_level == nil) return true
 if freeze == 0 then 
  distance += 1
  local cbs = current_level[distance]
  if cbs ~= nil then
   if cbs == eol then
    current_level = nil
    return true
   else
    while cbs do
     assert(cbs[1] == distance)
     local f = _ENV[cbs[2]]
     assert(type(f) == "function", cbs[2].." at "..distance.." is not a function")
     f(unpack(cbs, 3))
     cbs=cbs.next
    end
   end
  end
 end
 return false
end
-->8
-- example level

function spawn_blocking_rnd_x(typ)
 freeze += 1
 s = typ.new{
  x = rnd(104),
  y = -7,
  ice = 1,
  orig_die = typ.die,
  die = function(self)
   freeze -= self.ice
   self.ice = 0
   self:orig_die()
  end,
 }
 eships:push_back(s)
 return s
end

function spawn_frownie()
 return spawn_rnd(frownie)
end

function spawn_blocking_frownie()
 spawn_blocking_rnd_x(frownie)
end

function spawn_blocky()
 spawn_rnd(blocky)
end

function spawn_blocking_blocky()
 spawn_rnd(blocky, 1)
end

function spawn_spewy()
 return spawn_rnd(spewy)
end

function spawn_chasey()
 return spawn_rnd(chasey)
end

function spawn_blocking_spewy()
 freeze += 1
 local s = spawn_spewy()
 s.ice = 1
 s.die = function(self)
  freeze -= self.ice
  self.ice = 0
  frownie.die(self)
 end
end

function spawn_bonus_frownie()
 local f = spawn_frownie()
 f.sprite = 7
 f.die = function(self)
  spawn_repair_at(self.x+4, self.y+4)
  frownie.die(self)
 end
end 

function spawn_bonus_vulcan_chasey()
 local c = spawn_chasey()
 c.main_gun=vulcan_gun_e.new{enemy=true}
 c.die = function(self)
  spawn_main_gun_at(self.x-1, self.y-1, vulcan_gun_p)
  chasey.die(self)
 end
 c.sprite=4
 return c
end

function spawn_bonus_shield_chasey()
 local c = spawn_chasey()
 c.die = function(self)
  spawn_shield_upgrade_at(self.x-1, self.y-1)
  chasey.die(self)
 end
 c.sprite=4
 return c
end

helpers = {
 spawn_frownie,
 spawn_frownie,
 spawn_frownie,
 spawn_blocky,
 spawn_blocky,
 spawn_chasey,
 spawn_spewy,
}

function spawn_blocking_boss_chasey()
 local c = spawn_rnd(xl_chasey, 1)
 local nextspawn = lframe + 0x0.0080
 events:push_back{move=function()
  if lframe >= nextspawn then
   helpers[flr(rnd(#helpers))+1]()
   nextspawn += 0x0.0040
  end
  return c.dead
 end}
 
 return c
end

function std_spawn(tnm, n, blocking, goodie,altspr)
 local typ = _ENV[tnm]
 assert(typ and typ.new, tostr(tnm).." not a class")
 for i=1,(n or 1) do
  spawn_rnd(typ, blocking, goodie,altspr)
 end
end

-- blocking: 1 or 0
function spawn_rnd(typ, blocking, goodie,altspr)
 blocking = blocking or 0
 freeze += blocking
 s = typ.new{
  x = rnd(104),
  y = -(typ.size * 8 - 1),
  ice=blocking,
  die=function(self)
   freeze -= self.ice
   self.ice=0
   typ.die(self)
   spawn_goodie(goodie, self.x, self.y, self.size)
  end,
 }
 if (altspr) s.spr = altspr
 eships:push_back(s)
 return s
end

-- TODO: spawn_goodie compatible versions of gun drops
-- TODO: goodie table
function spawn_goodie(goodie_name, x, y, sz)
 if (not goodie_name or #goodie_name == 0) return
 local sh = sz and sz/2 or 0
 _ENV[goodie_name].new{}:spawn_at(x+sh,y+sh)
end

function multi(times, interval, fnm, ...)
 local f,irm,vargs = _ENV[fnm],interval,pack(...)
 assert(type(f) == "function", fnm.." not a function")
 f(...)
 events:push_back{move=function()
  irm-=1
  if irm <= 0 then
   irm=interval
   times-=1
   f(unpack(vargs))
   return times <= 1
  end
 end}
end

-- then convert sample_level to csv.
-- spawn_spec_gun_at and spawn_main_gun_at will need parsed forms.
-- the boss also needs to be reachable, but one-off is fine.
-- each row of level csv is offset,event,event-args...
-- where offset,eol is a special case.

example_level_csv=[[1,spawn_frownie
60,spawn_bonus_vulcan_chasey
61,spawn_blocky
85,spawn_spewy
100,spawn_spewy
115,spawn_spewy
130,spawn_bonus_frownie
145,spawn_spewy
200,spawn_bonus_shield_chasey
250,spawn_blocking_blocky
285,spawn_spec_gun_at,35,-11,blast_gun
310,spawn_blocking_blocky
310,spawn_blocking_blocky
310,spawn_blocking_blocky
311,spawn_frownie
350,spawn_main_gun_at,70,-11,protron_gun_p
401,spawn_frownie
420,spawn_blocking_frownie
430,spawn_bonus_vulcan_chasey
450,spawn_frownie
465,spawn_bonus_frownie
480,spawn_chasey
500,multi,20,12,spawn_blocking_blocky
501,spawn_bonus_frownie
620,spawn_blocking_blocky
630,spawn_bonus_shield_chasey
720,spawn_blocking_boss_chasey
721,eol]]

-->8
-- standard events

blip_fx = mknew{
 cancel=false
}

function blip_fx:move()
 if (self.cancel) return true
 self.frames -= 1
 if self.frames < 0 then
  self.obj.fx_pal = nil
  return true
 end
 return false
end

function blip_fx:abort()
 self.cancel=true
end

blip_pals = {}
function init_blip_pals()
 for i=0,15 do
  local pp = {[0]=0}
  for j=1,15 do
   pp[j] = i
  end
  blip_pals[i]=pp
 end
end

function blip(obj, col, frames)
 obj.fx_pal = blip_pals[col]
 if (obj.___fx_pal_event) obj.___fx_pal_event:abort() 
 events:push_back(blip_fx.new{frames=frames, obj=obj})
end

bossspark = split"7,7,10,10,9,9,9,8,8,8,2,2,5,5"

function boom(x,y,boominess,is_boss)
 local sp = firespark
 if is_boss then
  boominess *= 10
  sp = bossspark
 end
 local boombase = min(0.023 * boominess, 0.25)
 local boombonus = min(0.05 * boominess, 1.25)
 for _=1,boominess do
  local angle = rnd(1)
  spark(sp,x+4,y+4,cos(angle), sin(angle),boombase+rnd(boombonus),1, true)
 end
 return
end

spark_particle=mknew{}

function spark_particle:move()
 if (rnd(4) < 1) self.sidx += 1
 if (self.sidx > #self.sprs) return true
 self.x += self.dx
 self.y += self.dy
 self.dx -= mid(0.05,-0.05, self.dx)
 self.dy -= mid(0.05,-0.05, self.dy)
end
function spark_particle:draw()
 pset(self.x,self.y,self.sprs[self.sidx])
end

function spark(sprs, x, y, dx, dy, odds, fg)
 if (sprs==nil or flr(rnd(odds)) ~= 0) return
 local target = fg and intangibles_fg or intangibles_bg
 target:push_back(spark_particle.new{
  x = x + rnd(4) - 2,
  y = y + rnd(4) - 2,
  sprs = sprs,
  sidx = 1,
  dx = dx + rnd(2) - 1,
  dy = dy + rnd(2) - 1,
 })
end
-->8
-- powerups

powerup = mknew(bullet_base.new{
 -- animated sprite array: "sprites"
 -- to draw under or over anim,
 -- override draw, draw the
 -- under-part, call into
 -- powerup.draw(self), then
 -- draw the over-part
 width = 1,
 height = 1,
 -- note: make hurtboxes larger
 -- than sprite by 2px per side
 -- since ship hitbox is tiny
 -- but powerups should feel
 -- easy to pick up
 dx = 0,
 dy = 1.5, -- 0.75 after enemyspd
 category = enemy_blt_cat, -- collides with player ship
 damage = 0,
 
 anim_speed = 2,
 loop_pause = 30 -- affected by animspeed
})

-- sprite indexes for "sheen" animation
sheen8x8 = split"2,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61"

-- todo: draw two sprites
-- on top of each other here
-- so all powerups can share
-- the "sheen" animation?

function powerup:draw()
 spr(self.sprites[max(1,
       ((lframe<<16)\self.anim_speed)
       %(#self.sprites+self.loop_pause)
       -self.loop_pause
       +1)],
     self.x, self.y,
     self.width, self.height) 
end

repair = mknew(powerup.new{
 hurt = {
  x_off = -2,
  y_off = -2,
  width = 12,
  height = 12
 },
 x_off = 4,
 y_off = 0,
 sprites = sheen8x8,
 icon = 53,
 hitship = function(self, ship)
  if (ship ~= primary_ship) return false
  primary_ship.hp = min(primary_ship.maxhp, primary_ship.hp + 1)
  return true
 end,
 draw = function(self)
  spr(self.icon, self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
  powerup.draw(self)
 end  
})

function spawn_repair_at(x, y)
 repair.new():spawn_at(x, y)
end

shield_upgrade = mknew(repair.new{
 icon=52
})

function shield_upgrade:hitship(ship)
 if (ship ~= primary_ship) return false
 primary_ship.maxshield += 1
 return true
end

function spawn_shield_upgrade_at(x, y)
 shield_upgrade.new():spawn_at(x,y)
end

gun_swap = mknew(powerup.new{
 hurt = {
  x_off = -2,
  y_off = -2,
  width = 16,
  height = 16
 },
 -- gun = gun_type.new{}
 x_off = 6,
 y_off = 0,
 width = 2,
 height = 2,
 sprites = {64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78},
 hitship = function(self, ship)
  if (ship ~= primary_ship) return false
  ship.main_gun = self.gun
  return true
 end,
 draw = function(self)
  powerup.draw(self)
  spr(self.gun.icon, self.x+2, self.y+2, 1, 1)
 end
})

function spawn_main_gun_at(x, y, gunt)
 if (type(gunt)=="string") gunt=_ENV[gunt]
 local gun_p = gun_swap.new{
  gun = gunt.new()
 }
 gun_p:spawn_at(x, y)
end

spec_gun_pl = {
 [1] = 2,
 [14] = 6,
 [2] = 14
}

function spawn_spec_gun_at(x, y, gunt)
 if (type(gunt)=="string") gunt=_ENV[gunt]
 local gun_p = gun_swap.new{
  gun = gunt.new(),
  hitship = function(self, ship)
   if (ship ~= primary_ship) return false
   ship.special_gun = self.gun
  return true
  end,
  draw = function(self)
   pal(spec_gun_pl)
   powerup.draw(self)
   pal()
   spr(self.gun.icon, self.x+2, self.y+2, 1, 1)
  end
 }
 gun_p:spawn_at(x, y)
end
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