fledgling/src/engine/datatypes.ts

export interface IGame {
  update(): void;
  draw(): void;
}

export class Color {
  readonly r: number;
  readonly g: number;
  readonly b: number;
  readonly a: number;

  constructor(r: number, g: number, b: number, a?: number) {
    this.r = r;
    this.g = g;
    this.b = b;
    this.a = a ?? 255;
  }

  static parseHexCode(hexCode: string) {
    const regex1 =
      /#([0-9a-fA-F]{2})([0-9a-fA-F]{2})([0-9a-fA-F]{2})([0-9a-fA-F]{2})?/;
    const regex2 =
      /#([0-9a-fA-F]{1})([0-9a-fA-F]{1})([0-9a-fA-F]{1})([0-9a-fA-F]{1})?/;
    let result = regex1.exec(hexCode) ?? regex2.exec(hexCode);
    if (result == null) {
      throw `could not parse color: ${hexCode}`;
    }

    let parseGroup = (s: string | undefined): number => {
      if (s === undefined) {
        return 255;
      }
      if (s.length == 1) {
        return 17 * parseInt(s, 16);
      }
      return parseInt(s, 16);
    };
    return new Color(
      parseGroup(result[1]),
      parseGroup(result[2]),
      parseGroup(result[3]),
      parseGroup(result[4]),
    );
  }

  toStyle(): string {
    return `rgba(${this.r}, ${this.g}, ${this.b}, ${this.a / 255.0})`;
  }
}

export class Point {
  readonly x: number;
  readonly y: number;

  constructor(x: number, y: number) {
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
  }

  toString(): string {
    return `${this.x},${this.y}`;
  }

  offset(other: Point | Size): Point {
    if (other instanceof Point) {
      return new Point(this.x + other.x, this.y + other.y);
    }

    return new Point(this.x + other.w, this.y + other.h);
  }

  negate() {
    return new Point(-this.x, -this.y);
  }

  equals(other: Point): boolean {
    return this.x == other.x && this.y == other.y;
  }

  scale(other: Point | Size) {
    if (other instanceof Point) {
      return new Point(this.x * other.x, this.y * other.y);
    }
    return new Point(this.x * other.w, this.y * other.h);
  }

  unscale(other: Point | Size) {
    if (other instanceof Point) {
      return new Point(this.x / other.x, this.y / other.y);
    }
    return new Point(this.x / other.w, this.y / other.h);
  }

  subtract(top: Point): Size {
    return new Size(this.x - top.x, this.y - top.y);
  }

  manhattan(other: Point) {
    return Math.abs(this.x - other.x) + Math.abs(this.y - other.y);
  }

  snap(x: number, y: number) {
    return new Point(
      lerp(x, Math.floor(this.x), Math.ceil(this.x)),
      lerp(y, Math.floor(this.y), Math.ceil(this.y)),
    );
  }

  distance(other: Point) {
    let dx = other.x - this.x;
    let dy = other.y - this.y;
    return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
  }

  neighbors(): Point[] {
    return [
      new Point(this.x, this.y - 1),
      new Point(this.x - 1, this.y),
      new Point(this.x, this.y + 1),
      new Point(this.x + 1, this.y),
    ];
  }
}

export class Size {
  readonly w: number;
  readonly h: number;

  constructor(w: number, h: number) {
    this.w = w;
    this.h = h;
  }

  add(other: Size) {
    return new Size(this.w + other.w, this.h + other.h);
  }

  equals(other: Size) {
    return this.w == other.w && this.h == other.h;
  }

  toString(): string {
    return `${this.w}x${this.h}`;
  }
}

export class Circle {
  readonly center: Point;
  readonly radius: number;

  constructor(center: Point, radius: number) {
    this.center = center;
    this.radius = radius;
  }

  getContactWithRect(rect: Rect): Point | null {
    // port: https://www.jeffreythompson.org/collision-detection/circle-rect.php
    let cx = this.center.x;
    let cy = this.center.y;
    let testX = this.center.x;
    let testY = this.center.y;

    let rx = rect.top.x;
    let ry = rect.top.y;
    let rw = rect.size.w;
    let rh = rect.size.h;

    if (cx < rx) {
      testX = rx;
    } else if (cx > rx + rw) {
      testX = rx + rw;
    }
    if (cy < ry) {
      testY = ry;
    } else if (cy > ry + rh) {
      testY = ry + rh;
    }

    let distX = cx - testX;
    let distY = cy - testY;
    let sqDistance = distX * distX + distY * distY;

    if (sqDistance <= this.radius * this.radius) {
      return new Point(testX, testY);
    }
    return null;
  }

  overlappedCells(size: Size): Rect[] {
    let meAsRect = new Rect(
      this.center.offset(new Point(-this.radius, -this.radius)),
      new Size(this.radius * 2, this.radius * 2),
    );
    let all: Rect[] = [];
    for (let cell of meAsRect.overlappedCells(size).values()) {
      if (this.getContactWithRect(cell) != null) {
        all.push(cell);
      }
    }
    return all;
  }
}

export class Rect {
  readonly top: Point;
  readonly size: Size;
  constructor(top: Point, size: Size) {
    this.top = top;
    this.size = size;
  }

  toString(): string {
    return `Rect(${this.top},${this.size})`;
  }

  offset(offset: Point) {
    return new Rect(this.top.offset(offset), this.size);
  }

  contains(other: Point) {
    return (
      other.x >= this.top.x &&
      other.y >= this.top.y &&
      other.x < this.top.x + this.size.w &&
      other.y < this.top.y + this.size.h
    );
  }

  overlappedCells(size: Size) {
    let x0 = this.top.x;
    let y0 = this.top.y;
    let x1 = x0 + this.size.w;
    let y1 = y0 + this.size.w;

    let cx0 = Math.floor(x0 / size.w);
    let cy0 = Math.floor(y0 / size.h);
    let cx1 = Math.ceil(x1 / size.w);
    let cy1 = Math.ceil(y1 / size.h);

    let cells = [];
    for (let cy = cy0; cy < cy1; cy++) {
      for (let cx = cx0; cx < cx1; cx++) {
        let px0 = cx * size.w;
        let py0 = cy * size.h;
        cells.push(new Rect(new Point(px0, py0), size));
      }
    }
    return cells;
  }

  overlaps(other: Rect) {
    let ax0 = this.top.x;
    let ay0 = this.top.y;
    let ax1 = ax0 + this.size.w;
    let ay1 = ay0 + this.size.h;
    let bx0 = other.top.x;
    let by0 = other.top.y;
    let bx1 = bx0 + other.size.w;
    let by1 = by0 + other.size.h;

    let noOverlap = ax0 > bx1 || bx0 > ax1 || ay0 > by1 || by0 > ay1;
    return !noOverlap;
  }
}

export class Grid<T> {
  readonly size: Size;
  #data: T[][];

  constructor(size: Size, cbDefault: (xy: Point) => T) {
    this.size = size;
    this.#data = [];

    for (let y = 0; y < size.h; y++) {
      let row = [];
      for (let x = 0; x < size.w; x++) {
        row.push(cbDefault(new Point(x, y)));
      }
      this.#data.push(row);
    }
  }

  static createGridFromMultilineString(multiline: string): Grid<string> {
    let lines = [];
    for (let line of multiline.split("\n")) {
      let trimmedLine = line.trim();
      if (trimmedLine == "") {
        continue;
      }
      lines.push(trimmedLine);
    }
    return this.createGridFromStringArray(lines);
  }

  static createGridFromStringArray(ary: Array<string>): Grid<string> {
    let w = 0;
    let h = ary.length;
    for (let i = 0; i < h - 1; i++) {
      let w1 = ary[i].length;
      let w2 = ary[i + 1].length;
      if (w1 != w2) {
        throw `createGridFromStringArray: must be grid-shaped, got ${ary}`;
      }
      w = w1;
    }

    return new Grid(new Size(w, h), (xy) => {
      return ary[xy.y].charAt(xy.x);
    });
  }

  static createGridFromJaggedArray<T>(ary: Array<Array<T>>): Grid<T> {
    let w = 0;
    let h = ary.length;
    for (let i = 0; i < h - 1; i++) {
      let w1 = ary[i].length;
      let w2 = ary[i + 1].length;
      if (w1 != w2) {
        throw `createGridFromJaggedArray: must be grid-shaped, got ${ary}`;
      }
      w = w1;
    }

    return new Grid(new Size(w, h), (xy) => {
      return ary[xy.y][xy.x];
    });
  }

  map<T2>(cbCell: (content: T, position: Point) => T2) {
    return new Grid(this.size, (xy) => cbCell(this.get(xy), xy));
  }

  #invalidPosition(position: Point): boolean {
    return (
      position.x < 0 ||
      position.x >= this.size.w ||
      Math.floor(position.x) != position.x ||
      position.y < 0 ||
      position.y >= this.size.h ||
      Math.floor(position.y) != position.y
    );
  }
  #checkPosition(position: Point) {
    if (this.#invalidPosition(position)) {
      throw new Error(`invalid position for ${this.size}: ${position}`);
    }
  }

  maybeGet(position: Point): T | null {
    if (this.#invalidPosition(position)) {
      return null;
    }
    return this.#data[position.y][position.x];
  }

  get(position: Point): T {
    this.#checkPosition(position);
    return this.#data[position.y][position.x];
  }

  set(position: Point, value: T) {
    this.#checkPosition(position);
    this.#data[position.y][position.x] = value;
  }
}

export enum AlignX {
  Left = 0,
  Center = 1,
  Right = 2,
}

export enum AlignY {
  Top = 0,
  Middle = 1,
  Bottom = 2,
}

export function lerp(amt: number, lo: number, hi: number) {
  if (amt <= 0) {
    return lo;
  }
  if (amt >= 1) {
    return hi;
  }
  return lo + (hi - lo) * amt;
}